GDP / Output
+5.9% YoY
80
$12.4B
Output changed +5.9% in 2024.
Vintage date unknown
State growth4.3%
U.S. growth5.3%
Jobs
Unemployment rate
36
6.0%
Unemployment is 6.0% for Latest available.
Vintage date unknown
State avg4.7%
U.S. avg5.2%
Population
-0.8% 5-year
45
3,284
Population moved -0.8% over the latest ACS window.
Vintage date unknown
State population4,534,824
U.S. population334,922,499
Housing
Rent share of income
74
18.6%
Median rent consumes 18.6% of median household income: Affordable.
Vintage date unknown
State rent$967
U.S. rent$1.4K
HUD_API_TOKEN missing; ACS median gross rent is used as the housing affordability fallback.
Federal Funds
$6.5K per resident
87
$1.1B
$1.1B in federal obligations flowed here in FY2025.
Vintage date unknown
State total$173.4B
U.S. total$5.3T
Population and output
Trend Snapshot
Reported share
Industry Breakdown
FY2025
Federal Money
Federal obligations
$1.1B
$6.5K per resident in reported federal flow.
Top agencies
Dollars1. Social Security Administration$795.3M
2. Department of Defense$148.8M
3. Department of Veterans Affairs$62.1M
Top recipients
Dollars1. CFM INTERNATIONAL INC$138.2M
2. EXECUTIVE OFFICE OF THE COMMONWEALTH OF KENTUCKY$23.6M
3. HOUSING AUTHORITY OF COVINGTON$10.5M
Affordable
Housing Affordability
18.6%
of median income
1BR estimate$1,214
2BR estimate$1,599
Median income$95,441
Median home value$279,800
ACS context
Quick Facts
Population
3,284
Median age
37.0
Bachelor's degree+
49.4%
Poverty rate
11.7%
Labor force participation
65.4%
Prime rate
6.8%
CPI YoY
+3.2%
U.S. GDP YoY
+6.5%
Sources and warnings
Data Provenance
Census ACS 5-year
2024
BLS LAUS / CPS
Latest available
BEA regional CAGDP1
2024
USAspending
FY2025
FRED
2026-07-30
HUD Fair Market Rent
Latest available
Data notes
- HUD_API_TOKEN missing; ACS median gross rent is used as the housing affordability fallback.
5-year compound growth
Historical Trends
Population CAGR
-0.2%
GDP CAGR
+5.2%
Federal flow
5 years
Population (5 years)
20203,310
20213,383
20223,212
20233,226
20243,284
GDP (5 years)
2020$9.6B
2021$10.5B
2022$10.7B
2023$11.7B
2024$12.4B
2-year linear forecast
Predictive Outlook
Population forecast
20243,284
20253,220 *
20263,199 *
R² = 23.0% · * projected
GDP forecast
2024$12.4B
2025$13.0B *
2026$13.7B *
R² = 96.8% · * projected
Linear regression over available historical data. Projections are estimates based on past trends and do not account for policy changes, economic shocks, or other external factors.
housing affordability breakdown
Cost of Living
Median household income$95,441/yr
Median rent$1,481/mo
Rent share of income18.6%
Est. mortgage (30yr, 6.5%)$16,978/yr
Mortgage share of income17.8%
Rent data from Census ACS 5-year. Mortgage estimate assumes 20% down, 6.5% APR, 30-year fixed.
employment snapshot
Job Market
Unemployment rate6.0%
State avg4.7%
U.S. avg5.2%
Labor force participation65.4%
Poverty rate11.7%
Data from BLS LAUS / CPS. Latest available.
valuation snapshot
Real Estate
Median home value$279,800
Median monthly rent$1,481
Price-to-rent ratio15.7x
Moderate price-to-rent ratio — buying and renting are roughly balanced in this market.
composite score
Investment Climate
Investment climateModerate
Composite score57/100
Economic growth80/100
Labor market36/100
Population momentum45/100
Overall stability61/100
Composite score weighs economic growth, labor market health, population momentum, and overall stability. Not financial advice.